El Niño poses severe health risks across region, scientists warn of deaths

The impending El Niño episode presents a serious public health threat across South and Southeast Asia, with researchers forecasting a significant surge in heat-related mortality over the coming months. Beyond the typical weather pattern shifts associated with El Niño, the phenomenon is expected to create life-threatening temperature conditions in multiple countries, including India.

Scientific assessments indicate that the climate event could contribute to more than 450,000 excess deaths across affected regions. The projections take into account the compounding effects of elevated temperatures on vulnerable populations, including the elderly, outdoor workers, and those with pre-existing health conditions.

India faces particular concern given its large population, existing heat stress patterns, and infrastructure challenges in managing mass casualties during extreme weather events. Urban areas with limited cooling resources and rural regions lacking adequate healthcare facilities are expected to face the greatest burden.

Expertsadvise governments to strengthen heat action plans, establish cooling centers, increase water distribution systems, and enhance public awareness campaigns ahead of the anticipated spike in temperatures. The health systems across the region are being urged to prepare for a surge in heat-related illnesses including heat exhaustion, heat stroke, and exacerbation of cardiovascular and respiratory conditions.

Monitoring agencies continue to track El Niño development patterns to provide updated forecasts and enable timely public health interventions.