HPV's hidden spread: Why screening and vaccination matter

Human papillomavirus (HPV) represents a widespread yet often overlooked public health concern across the region, with the virus capable of spreading silently through populations for extended periods before detection. The infection can persist undetected in the body for years, during which time carriers may unknowingly transmit the virus to others through close contact.

The virus spreads primarily through intimate contact and affects both men and women, though the health consequences and screening protocols differ between genders. Many individuals carry HPV without experiencing symptoms, making early detection through regular screening programmes essential for identifying infections before they progress to more serious conditions.

Vaccination against HPV has emerged as a cornerstone of preventive health strategy, offering protection before exposure to the virus. Health authorities across South and Southeast Asia increasingly recommend HPV vaccination for adolescents and young adults, with evidence demonstrating significant reductions in infection rates and related complications in vaccinated populations.

Regular screening remains vital for those already sexually active, allowing medical professionals to identify and monitor infections early. Combined with vaccination efforts targeting younger populations, screening programmes form a comprehensive approach to mitigating HPV-related health risks and reducing disease burden in the region.