India to Add 100 Ships as Fleet Ages, Modernisation Challenges Persist

India's shipping sector is poised for expansion with plans to induct 100 additional vessels into its merchant fleet, marking a significant push to strengthen the nation's maritime capabilities. The initiative aims to enhance India's cargo-carrying capacity and reduce dependence on foreign shipping companies for international trade.

However, the modernisation drive faces headwinds from the existing fleet composition. Official figures reveal that approximately 50 per cent of India's registered vessels are over 20 years old, creating operational inefficiencies and maintenance challenges. Older ships typically consume more fuel, emit higher levels of pollutants, and require more frequent repairs, adding to operational costs.

The ageing merchant fleet underscores broader infrastructure challenges in India's maritime sector. While new ship acquisitions will bolster capacity, experts stress that parallel efforts to retire or refurbish older vessels are essential for long-term sustainability. The shipping industry plays a crucial role in India's trade dynamics, with maritime transport accounting for over 90 per cent of the country's merchandise trade by volume.

The government's expansion plan represents a long-term commitment to maritime development, though success will depend on coordinated efforts to address fleet modernisation simultaneously. Industry observers note that a younger, more efficient fleet would enhance India's competitiveness in global shipping markets while reducing environmental impact.