India to build three more Kalvari-class submarines to bolster naval strength

India is accelerating its submarine construction programme to counter projected force level declines over the coming decade. The decision to build three more Kalvari-class vessels represents a significant commitment to modernizing the nation's underwater capabilities at a critical juncture.

Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders Limited, India's primary submarine builder, will undertake the construction with continued technical collaboration from France's Naval Group, the original designer of the Kalvari-class platform. This partnership model has proven effective in the construction of earlier vessels in the class, combining Indian shipbuilding expertise with French naval engineering support.

The existing Kalvari-class submarines have formed the backbone of India's modern submarine fleet since their introduction. By commissioning three additional units, the Navy aims to bridge capability gaps and maintain operational submarine strength through the end of the decade, when current vessels may require lifecycle management or retirement from service.

The project aligns with India's broader maritime security strategy in an increasingly competitive Indo-Pacific region. Enhanced submarine capabilities are considered crucial for safeguarding national maritime interests and maintaining strategic deterrence in the Indian Ocean.