Indonesia acquires retired Italian aircraft carrier in landmark military deal

Indonesia formally received the Garibaldi, a 40-year-old aircraft carrier from Italy, in a transfer that exemplifies the strategic calculus of military modernisation in the Indo-Pacific region. The vessel, which Italy no longer required for its naval operations, represents a low-cost acquisition for Jakarta as it seeks to bolster its fleet capabilities across its vast archipelago.

The transfer underscores a broader trend among developing nations to acquire surplus military assets from established naval powers. While the purchase price remains modest, defence analysts note that the true cost lies in the operational and maintenance requirements necessary to keep such a vessel seaworthy and combat-ready. Indonesia will need to invest substantially in crew training, spare parts procurement, and infrastructure upgrades to support carrier operations.

The addition to Indonesia's navy comes amid heightened focus on maritime security in Southeast Asia, where competing territorial claims and increased naval activity have prompted regional powers to modernise their fleets. The carrier will require significant refurbishment and integration with Indonesian naval systems before becoming fully operational.

Military experts caution that while acquiring a carrier provides prestige and expanded capability, the long-term financial commitment extends far beyond the initial transfer. Maintenance costs, fuel consumption, and the need for supporting vessels and aircraft represent ongoing expenses that will strain Indonesia's defence budget for decades to come.