Maharashtra anti-conversion law raises concerns over broad interpretation

Maharashtra's anti-conversion law, formally known as the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita provision, introduces a framework of consent documentation, official notices, and potential prison sentences for those accused of unlawful religious conversion. The state government has framed the legislation as a necessary safeguard against conversions obtained through force, fraud, or coercion.

Under the law's provisions, individuals charged with unauthorized conversion face strict documentation requirements and criminal penalties. The framework mandates formal notices and consent processes designed to create a paper trail for conversion activities.

However, Christian and Muslim community representatives have raised substantial objections to the legislation's scope and language. These groups contend that broadly defined terms such as "inducement" could be interpreted to criminalize legitimate religious activities that have no connection to coercion or deception. They argue the law's wide reading could extend to ordinary personal relationships, attendance at religious services, or pastoral counseling—activities that fall squarely within constitutionally protected rights.

The tension reflects a fundamental disagreement over the law's intent and application. While the government frames the measure as protecting individual choice against coercive practices, critics warn it creates legal vulnerability for ordinary religious engagement and interfaith relationships. Legal experts anticipate challenges to the law's constitutionality, particularly regarding its vagueness and potential violation of citizens' freedom of religion and association.