Russian satellite imagery aiding Iran-backed groups' attacks on Saudi Arabia

American and regional intelligence officials have accused Russia of providing satellite reconnaissance to Iranian-backed armed groups conducting attacks against Saudi Arabia, marking a concerning deepening of Moscow's role in regional hostilities.

The alleged intelligence sharing involves real-time or near-real-time satellite imagery that helps coordinate strikes by Houthi militants and other Iran-aligned factions against Saudi military and civilian infrastructure, according to officials briefed on the matter. The practice underscores expanding military coordination between Moscow and Tehran as both nations face international isolation over their respective military campaigns.

Saudi Arabia and its regional partners have long warned of Iranian military support flowing through various proxy networks. The addition of Russian satellite capabilities to this equation raises fresh concerns about the technological sophistication available to these groups and their ability to conduct precise strikes across the Arabian Peninsula.

Russia and Iran have strengthened their military cooperation in recent years, particularly following Moscow's invasion of Ukraine and subsequent Western sanctions. Officials suggest the satellite intelligence arrangement represents part of broader coordination between the two nations, though neither has publicly acknowledged the arrangement.

The allegations come as tensions remain high in the Middle East, with repeated drone and missile attacks attributed to Iranian-backed groups continuing to target Saudi energy infrastructure and military installations. Washington has previously cautioned regional partners about Russian military support flowing to Iranian proxies.