US to open deep-sea mining leases near American Samoa

The US Department of Interior has announced plans to conduct lease sales for deep-sea mineral extraction in waters off American Samoa, marking a significant step in commercial seabed mining activities in the Pacific region. The auction will encompass roughly 31 million acres divided between two designated areas, with competitive bidding expected to begin on November 19.

Deep-sea mining has emerged as a contentious issue globally, with proponents arguing it could supply critical minerals needed for renewable energy and battery production, while environmental advocates warn of potentially irreversible damage to fragile marine ecosystems. The lease sales come as demand for minerals such as manganese, cobalt, and nickel continues to surge amid the global transition to clean energy.

The announcement reflects broader US policy shifts regarding resource extraction in its territorial waters and exclusive economic zones. American Samoa, a US unincorporated territory in the South Pacific, would be directly affected by any mining operations in adjacent waters.

The November auction represents a test case for US deep-sea mining policy and could influence broader international discussions on seabed resource management currently being negotiated through the International Seabed Authority and regional Pacific forums.